Types Of Major Depression

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Major depression is also referred to as major depressive disorder or biochemical, clinical, endogenous, unipolar, or biological depression. It is characterized by a severely depressed mood that persists for at least two weeks. Episodes of depression may start suddenly or slowly and can occur several times through a person’s life.

Subtypes Of Major Depression

Clinicians recognise several subtypes of major depression.

Major depressive disorder may be categorized as “single episode” or “recurrent” depending on whether previous episodes have been experienced before.

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Psychotic depression is accompanied by hallucinations or delusions.

Melancholic depression (what used to be referred to as endogenous depression) is characterized by insomnia, poor appetite and weight loss, less responsive mood, and morning worsening.

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Atypical depression is characterized by “reversed vegetative symptoms” which include oversleeping, overeating, leaden paralysis, rejection sensitivity and temporary brightening of mood in response to positive events. It may overlap with anxiety and panic attacks. It is often more chronic than melancholic depression.

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Dysthymia is a long-term, mild depression that lasts for at least two years. By definition the symptoms are not as severe as in major depression, although those with dysthymia are highly likely to have superimposed major depressive episodes (known as “double depression”). It often begins in adolescence and spans several decades.

Major depression may also be referred to as unipolar affective disorder, a term which emphasizes its relatedness to bipolar disorder.